import java.util.Scanner;


public class UsingStrings {

	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		
		Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
		
		String s = "Hello World.";
		
		System.out.println(s);
		
		String t = new String("Hello again.");
		
		System.out.println(t);
		
		System.out.println(s.charAt(7));
		
		System.out.println(s.substring(7));
		
		System.out.println(s.substring(0, 7));

		int indexOfW = s.indexOf('W');
		System.out.println("index of W is " + indexOfW);
		
		System.out.println(s.toUpperCase());		
		
		
	}
}